Explode Metacarpal Bone by Gunshot: A Case Report

Background: The incidence of firearm related non-fatal and fatal accidents has been increased worldwide. Most of the unintentional or intentional nonfatal gunshot injuries involve an extremity.Case Report: A 33-year-old man was admitted to emergency department with a complaint of injury related to 5th metacarpal area of right hand. The patient reported that he is a police officer who suffered gunshot injury during crashes with smugglers in himself right hand. At arriving time into hospital, hand was neurologically intact and no vascular injury was noted. There was a distractive entrance wound in the 5th metacarpal hypothenar palmar area and a distractive exit wound on the dorsal side. The wound was irrigated and debrided. All lose bone fragments were removed. The lose area covered by distant flap of skin from the abdomen. All of the wounds were healed on postoperative 15th day.Conclusion: This report is an attempt to present the problem of firearm injury and appeal to a wide range of disciplines working to expand their knowledge and redirect new energy to address the urgent problem of firearm injury

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its associated risk factors: The first report from Iran using both microalbuminuria and urine sediment

Background: The incidence of major risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the world is on the rise, and it is expected that this incidence and prevalence, particularly in developing countries, will continue to increase. Using data on urinary sediment and microalbuminuria, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in northeast Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of CKD in a sample of 1557 regionally representative people, aged � 18 years, was analyzed. CKD was determined based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and microalbuminuria. Life style data, urine and blood samples were collected. Urine samples without any proteinuria in the initial dipstick test were checked for qualitative microalbuminuria. If the latter was positive, quantitative microalbuminuria was evaluated. Results: 1557 subjects with a mean age of 56.76 ± 12.04 years were enrolled in this study. Based on the modifcation of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation, 137 subjects (8.89%) were categorized as CKD stages III-V. Based on urine abnormalities, the prevalence of combined CKD stages I and II was 10.63%, and based on macro- and microalbuminuria it was 14.53%. The prevalence of CKD was significantly associated with sex, age, marital status, education, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), ischemic heart disease (IHD), waist to hip ratio, myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Conclusion: CKD and its main risk factors are common and represent a definite health threat in this region of Iran. Using and standardizing less expensive screening tests in low resource countries could be a good alternative that may improve the outcome through early detection of CKD

Co-infection of Malaria and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Southeast of Iran is an endemic area for Malaria and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). In 1999, we faced with an outbreak of CCHF in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, in the border of Pakistan and Afghanistan. The most cases of Malaria in Iran are also reported from this area. This article presents a 17-year- old woman who admitted to our hospital because of acute fever, headache, epistaxis, hemorrhagic lesions on the skin and vaginal bleeding. Finally, she was recognized as a case that was co –infected with CCHF and malaria

Screening for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms in patients with aortoiliac atherosclerosis: a preliminary study

Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAs) usually present with rupture and carry a high morbidity and mortality rate. Early detection of TAAs with screening methods and elective surgical repair could potentially diminish these complications. The present study was aimed at screening for TAA in patients with angiography-proven aortoiliac atherosclerosis (n = 43). A group of patients without aortoiliac atherosclerosis was used as controls (n = 15). Age, sex and aortic diameter at the level of the T12 vertebra were recorded. The subjects were divided into two age categories, the first made up of those aged less than 65 years and the second those aged 65 years or more. A T12 aortic diameter greater than 35 mm was used to indicate TAA. Statistical analyses were performed by independent t-test and general linear model with age category, sex and atherosclerosis as factors. The mean T12 aortic diameters were greater in patients with atherosclerosis than in the control group (25.2 ± 5.0 vs. 22.9 ± 2.4 mm; p = 0.034). Two out of 43 patients (4.7%) with aortoiliac atherosclerosis had TAA, while no one in the control group had TAA. A general linear model showed that the interaction of age category and sex significantly affected the T12 aortic diameter [F (1.49) = 4.044, p = 0.050]. Post hoc (LSD) tests revealed that male patients aged over 65 had greater T12 aortic diameters than other patients. We conclude that patients with aortoiliac atherosclerosis may be at greater risk for developing TAA. Ageing and male sex may also be associated with thoracoabdominal aortic enlargement. (Folia Morphol 2008; 67: 78-83

Prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell Carcinoma-A Population-Based study in Golestan province, Iran, a high incidence area

Golestan Province in northern Iran is an area with a high incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We aimed to investigate prognostic factors for ESCC and survival of cases in Golestan, on which little data were available. We followed-up 426 ESCC cases participating in a population-based case-control study. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazard models. Median survival was 7 months. Age at diagnosis was inversely associated with survival, but the association was disappeared with adjustment for treatment. Residing in urban areas (hazard ratio, HR = 0.70; 95 CI 0.54-0.90) and being of non-Turkmen ethnic groups (HR = 0.76; 95 CI 0.61-0.96) were associated with better prognosis. In contrast to other types of tobacco use, nass (a smokeless tobacco product) chewing was associated with a slightly poorer prognosis even in models adjusted for other factors including stage of disease and treatment (HR = 1.38; 95 CI 0.99-1.92). Opium use was associated with poorer prognosis in crude analyses but not in adjusted models. Almost all of potentially curative treatments were associated with longer survival. Prognosis of ESCC in Golestan is very poor. Easier access to treatment facilities may improve the prognosis of ESCC in Golestan. The observed association between nass chewing and poorer prognosis needs further investigations; this association may suggest a possible role for ingestion of nass constituents in prognosis of ESCC. © 2011 Aghcheli et al

Poly[bis­(N,N-dimethyl­formamide-κO)(μ4-naphthalene-1,5-disulfonato)magnesium(II)]

The structure of the title compound, [Mg(C10H6O6S2)(C3H7NO)2]n, consists of MgO6 octa­hedra ( symmetry) connected to naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate ligands ( symmetry) in the equatoral plane, forming a two-dimensional network propagating parallel to (010). The coordination sphere of the Mg atom is completed by the O atoms of two N,N-dimethyl­formamide (DMF) mol­ecules in the axial positions. The title compound represents the first time the naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate anion is bound directly to a Mg2+ atom. Disorder over two positions was found in the DMF mol­ecule in a 0.518 (8):0.482 (8) ratio

Comparison of normal values of Duplex indices of vertebral arteries in young and elderly adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Considering the role of aging in brain atrophy and cerebral vascular demand, we carried out this study to clarify the role of aging in duplex indices of vertebral arteries.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From June 2005 to June 2006, 96 volunteers with age range of 20 to 95 years, were evaluated with color doppler for duplex indices of vertebral arteries. Sever hemodynamic stenosis was excluded in all of these patients. These volunteers were subdivided in two groups: younger and older than 60 year old. In all of these patients we measured diameter, peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI), and flow volume (FV) of vertebral arteries in right and left sides.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was no significant difference in diameter, PSV, RI and FV between two groups. We have clarified that in patients younger than 60 year old, comparing right and left vertebral arteries, PSV and FV were higher in left side.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Duplex indices of vertebral arteries are age independent in adults.</p